酒店布草作为客房、餐饮等区域的必备品，其洁白度直接影响宾客体验和酒店形象。长期使用中，布草易出现变黄现象，这与洗涤方式、存放环境、水质等因素密切相关。掌握科学的养护方法，能有效延缓布草变黄，延长其使用寿命。

　　As a must-have item in guest rooms, dining areas, and other areas, the whiteness of hotel linens directly affects guest experience and hotel image. In long-term use, linen is prone to yellowing, which is closely related to factors such as washing methods, storage environment, and water quality. Mastering scientific maintenance methods can effectively delay the yellowing of linen and extend its service life. 

　　洗涤环节的细节把控是预防变黄的关键。首先需根据布草材质和污渍类型选择合适的洗涤剂，避免滥用碱性过强的洗衣粉或漂白剂。过量的碱性物质会破坏布草纤维结构，导致纤维变脆且易吸附杂质，逐渐呈现黄色；而漂白剂使用不当（如浓度过高或水温不适），会使布草局部氧化，出现难以逆转的黄斑。洗涤时应控制水温，棉麻类布草适宜水温为 60℃-70℃，化纤类则不超过 40℃，过高的水温会加速纤维老化和色素沉积。此外，需确保洗涤剂充分溶解，避免未溶解的颗粒附着在布草上，形成残留污渍，洗涤后要进行至少两次漂洗，彻底清除洗涤剂残留，防止残留成分在布草上氧化变色。

　　Controlling the details of the washing process is the key to preventing yellowing. Firstly, it is necessary to choose a suitable detergent based on the material of the linen and the type of stain, to avoid excessive use of alkaline laundry detergent or bleach. Excessive alkaline substances can damage the structure of linen fibers, causing them to become brittle and easily adsorb impurities, gradually turning yellow; Improper use of bleach (such as high concentration or unsuitable water temperature) can cause local oxidation of the linen, resulting in irreversible yellow spots. When washing, the water temperature should be controlled. The suitable water temperature for cotton and linen fabrics is 60 ℃ -70 ℃, while for synthetic fibers it should not exceed 40 ℃. Excessive water temperature can accelerate fiber aging and pigment deposition. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the detergent is fully dissolved to prevent undissolved particles from adhering to the linen and forming residual stains. After washing, at least two rinses should be performed to thoroughly remove detergent residues and prevent residual components from oxidizing and discoloring on the linen. 

　　污渍的及时处理能减少变黄隐患。宾客使用过程中，布草可能沾染汗渍、油渍、茶渍等，这些污渍若未及时清除，会在布草纤维中固化，尤其汗渍中的蛋白质成分，经高温洗涤后会变性并牢牢附着在纤维上，形成黄色斑点。对于局部污渍，应在洗涤前用中性清洁剂预处理，如用稀释的白醋浸泡汗渍处 15 分钟，或用专用去渍剂轻拍油渍区域，避免用力搓擦导致纤维损伤。对于茶渍、咖啡渍等含色素的污渍，可先用冷水浸泡，再用温和的氧化剂处理，避免直接使用热水使色素固化。

　　Timely treatment of stains can reduce the risk of yellowing. During guest use, the linen may be contaminated with sweat, oil, tea stains, etc. If these stains are not removed in time, they will solidify in the linen fibers, especially the protein components in the sweat stains. After high-temperature washing, they will denature and firmly adhere to the fibers, forming yellow spots. For local stains, neutral cleaning agents should be used for pre-treatment before washing, such as soaking sweat stains in diluted white vinegar for 15 minutes, or lightly tapping oil stains with specialized stain removers to avoid rubbing and damaging fibers. For stains containing pigments such as tea stains and coffee stains, they can be soaked in cold water first, and then treated with a mild oxidant to avoid directly using hot water to solidify the pigments. 

　　晾晒与烘干方式对布草洁白度影响显著。自然晾晒时，应避免将布草长时间暴露在阳光下暴晒，尤其是棉麻材质，紫外线会使纤维中的天然色素活化，导致布草整体泛黄。建议在通风阴凉处晾干，或在阳光下晾晒至八成干后移至室内阴干。采用烘干机烘干时，需控制烘干温度，棉麻类布草烘干温度不宜超过 80℃，化纤类不超过 60℃，高温会使布草中的残留水分快速蒸发，同时让纤维中的杂质固化，形成黄色印记。烘干后应及时取出布草，避免在烘干机内长时间静置，防止余热导致布草闷黄。

　　The drying and air drying methods have a significant impact on the whiteness of linen. When naturally drying, it is advisable to avoid exposing the linen to sunlight for a long time, especially for cotton and linen materials. Ultraviolet radiation can activate the natural pigments in the fibers, causing the overall yellowing of the linen. It is recommended to air dry in a well ventilated and cool place, or in sunlight until 80% dry before moving indoors to dry in the shade. When using a dryer for drying, the drying temperature should be controlled. The drying temperature for cotton and linen fabrics should not exceed 80 ℃, and for synthetic fibers, it should not exceed 60 ℃. High temperatures can cause residual moisture in the fabric to evaporate quickly, while also solidifying impurities in the fibers, forming yellow marks. After drying, the linen should be promptly taken out to avoid prolonged standing in the dryer to prevent residual heat from causing yellowing of the linen. 

　　储存环境的优化能延缓布草变黄。存放布草的仓库需保持干燥通风，相对湿度控制在 50%-60% 之间，潮湿环境会使布草吸附空气中的霉菌孢子，导致霉变泛黄，可在仓库内放置除湿袋或安装除湿机。布草应折叠整齐后放入透气的收纳袋中，避免直接接触墙壁或地面，防止灰尘和潮气侵入。同时，不同材质、颜色的布草应分开存放，避免深色布草的染料沾染到浅色布草上，尤其新布草与旧布草需隔离存放，防止旧布草上的色素转移。此外，布草储存时间不宜过长，应遵循 “先进先出” 原则，减少长期存放导致的纤维老化变黄。

　　Optimizing the storage environment can delay the yellowing of linen. The warehouse storing linen should be kept dry and ventilated, with a relative humidity controlled between 50% -60%. A humid environment can cause the linen to adsorb mold spores from the air, leading to mold and yellowing. Dehumidifier bags or dehumidifiers can be placed in the warehouse. The linen should be folded neatly and placed in a breathable storage bag, avoiding direct contact with walls or floors to prevent dust and moisture from entering. At the same time, fabrics of different materials and colors should be stored separately to prevent dyes from dark fabrics from contaminating light fabrics. Especially, new and old fabrics should be stored separately to prevent the transfer of pigments from old fabrics. In addition, the storage time of linen should not be too long, and the principle of "first in, first out" should be followed to reduce fiber aging and yellowing caused by long-term storage. 

　　定期的专业养护也是必要措施。对于使用一段时间的布草，可进行周期性的护色处理，如每月用中性柔顺剂浸泡一次，补充纤维流失的天然油脂，增强布草的抗污能力和洁白度。对于轻微泛黄的布草，可用低浓度的柠檬酸溶液浸泡 30 分钟后清洗，利用酸性成分中和残留的碱性物质，恢复布草洁白。同时，需定期检查洗涤设备，如洗衣机的内筒是否有污垢堆积，烘干机的滤网是否清洁，避免设备中的杂质污染布草，导致二次泛黄。

　　Regular professional maintenance is also a necessary measure. For fabrics that have been used for a period of time, periodic color protection treatment can be carried out, such as soaking them in neutral fabric softener once a month to supplement the natural oil lost from fiber loss, enhance the fabric's stain resistance and whiteness. For slightly yellowed linens, soak them in a low concentration citric acid solution for 30 minutes and then clean them. Use acidic components to neutralize residual alkaline substances and restore the whiteness of the linens. At the same time, it is necessary to regularly check the washing equipment, such as whether there is dirt accumulation in the inner cylinder of the washing machine and whether the filter screen of the dryer is clean, to avoid impurities in the equipment contaminating the linen and causing secondary yellowing.

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